Ngokokuqala ngqa, umuthi oklanywe yi-AI usesigabeni sesibili sokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Muva nje, ithimba elihola lesi sidakamizwa lishicilele iphepha elichaza ukuthi lisithuthukise kanjani ngokushesha.

Yenziwe ngu I-Insilico Medicine, inkampani ye-biotechnology ezinze eNew York naseHong Kong, umuntu ozongenela izidakamizwa uhlose i-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, isifo esibulalayo esibangela amaphaphu ukuba abe lukhuni futhi abe nezibazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umonakalo awulungiseki, okwenza kube nzima ukuphefumula. Lesi sifo asinazo izimbangela ezaziwayo. Ososayensi baye bazabalaza ukuthola amaprotheni noma ama-molecule okungenzeka abe ngemuva kwalesi sifo njengezinto ezingase zibe izisulu zokwelashwa.

Kosokhemisi bezokwelapha, ukuthuthukisa ikhambi lalesi sifo kuyiphupho elibi. KuDkt Alex Zhavoronkov, umsunguli kanye ne-CEO ye-Insilico Medicine, inselele imelela ubufakazi obunamandla bomqondo ongaguqula inqubo yokutholwa kwezidakamizwa usebenzisa i-AI-futhi inikeze ithemba ezigidini zabantu abalwa nesifo esibulalayo.

Umuthi, obizwa nge-ISM018_055, wawufakwe i-AI kuyo yonke inqubo yawo yokuthuthuka. Nge I-Pharma.AI, inkundla yenkampani yokuklama izidakamizwa, ithimba lasebenzisa izindlela eziningi ze-AI ukuze lithole okungenzeka ukuthi lihloselwe lesi sifo labe selikhiqiza abantu abathembisayo bezidakamizwa.

I-ISM018_055 yagqama ngekhono layo lokunciphisa izibazi kumaseli kanye nezinhlobo zezilwane. Ngonyaka odlule, umuthi waphothula ukuhlolwa komtholampilo kweSigaba I kumavolontiya anempilo e-126 eNew Zealand nase-China ukuhlola ukuphepha kwawo futhi waphumelela ngamalengiso. Iqembu manje wachaza inkundla yabo yonke futhi bakhiphe idatha yabo ku Imvelo ye-Biotechnology.

Umugqa wesikhathi wokutholwa kwezidakamizwa, kusukela ekutholeni okuhlosiwe kuze kube sekuqedweni kwezivivinyo zomtholampilo zeSigaba I, ngu cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa. Nge-AI, i-Insilico iqede lezi zinyathelo cishe engxenyeni yaleso sikhathi.

"Kusukela ekuqaleni ngabona amandla okusebenzisa i-AI ukusheshisa nokwenza ngcono inqubo yokutholwa kwezidakamizwa ukusuka ekugcineni kuye ekugcineni," kusho uZhavoronkov. Ubumbano Hub. Lo mqondo waqale wahlangabezana nokungabaza okuvela emphakathini othola izidakamizwa. Nge-ISM018_055, ithimba libeka isiteji salo se-AI “esivivinyweni sokugcina—thola okuqondiwe kunoveli, klama i-molecule entsha kusukela ekuqaleni ukuze uvimbele lelo phuzu, liyihlole, futhi liyilethe yonke indlela ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo neziguli.”

Umuthi oklanywe yi-AI unezintaba okufanele uzikhuphuke ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele ezitolo zezidakamizwa. Okwamanje, kuboniswa kuphela ukuthi kuphephile kumavolontiya anempilo. Inkampani yethulwa Izivivinyo zomtholampilo zeSigaba II ehlobo eledlule, okuzoqhubeka nokuphenya ukuphepha komuthi futhi iqale ukuhlola ukusebenza kwayo kubantu abanalesi sifo.

"Izinkampani eziningi zisebenzela i-AI ukuthuthukisa izinyathelo ezihlukene zokutholwa kwezidakamizwa," wathi UDkt. Michael Levitt, owathola umklomelo kaNobel kwezakhemikhali, owayengahileleki kulo msebenzi. "I-Insilico ... ayigcinanga ngokuhlonza inoveli, kodwa futhi yasheshisa yonke inqubo yokutholwa kwezidakamizwa kusenesikhathi, futhi baye baqinisekisa ngempumelelo izindlela zabo ze-AI."

Lo msebenzi “uyangijabulisa kakhulu,” esho.

Umdlalo Omude

Izigaba zokuqala zokutholwa kwezidakamizwa zifana nokugembula okuphezulu.

Ososayensi bakhetha into ethile emzimbeni okungenzeka ibangele isifo bese beklama ngokucophelela amakhemikhali ukuze aphazamise lokho okuhlosiwe. Abazokhethwa babe sebecutshungulwa ukuze bathole inqwaba yezakhiwo ezikhethwayo. Ngokwesibonelo, ingabe ingamuncwa njengephilisi noma nge-inhaler esikhundleni somjovo? Ingabe umuthi ungafinyelela umgomo emazingeni aphezulu ngokwanele ukuvimba izibazi? Ingabe ingabhidlika kalula futhi iqedwe yizinso? Ekugcineni, ingabe iphephile?

Yonke inqubo yokuqinisekisa, kusukela ekutholakaleni kuye ekugunyazweni, ingathatha iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi nezigidigidi zamarandi. Isikhathi esiningi, ukugembula akubuyiseli. Cishe 90 amaphesenti kwabadinga izidakamizwa abathembisayo ekuqaleni bayehluleka ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo. Ngisho namakhandidethi engeziwe awafinyeleli kude kangako.

Isigaba sokuqala—ukuthola okuhlosiwe kwesidakamizwa esingaba khona—sibalulekile. Kodwa le nqubo inzima ikakhulukazi ezifweni ezingenasizathu esaziwayo noma ezinkingeni zempilo eziyinkimbinkimbi njengomdlavuza kanye nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene neminyaka. Nge-AI, uZhavoronkov wazibuza ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukusheshisa uhambo. Kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ithimba lakhe “ososayensi be-AI” abambalwa ukuze basize ababambisene babo abangabantu.

Okokuqala, I-PandaOmics, isebenzisa ama-algorithms amaningi ukuze ifinyelele ekuqondisweni okungase kube khona kumasethi edatha amakhulu—isibonelo, amamephu wofuzo noma amaprotheni kanye nedatha evela ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo. Nge-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, ithimba liqeqeshe ithuluzi kudatha evela kumasampula ezicubu zeziguli ezinalesi sifo futhi lengeza umbhalo ovela endaweni yonke yokushicilelwa kwesayensi okuku-inthanethi kanye nezibonelelo emkhakheni.

Ngamanye amazwi, I-PandaOmics waziphatha njengososayensi. “Yafunda” futhi yahlanganisa ulwazi olukhona njengesizinda futhi yahlanganisa idatha yesilingo somtholampilo ukuze kukhiqizwe uhlu lwezinjongo ezingase zibe khona zesifo ngokugxila ezintweni ezintsha.

Iphrotheni ebizwa nge-TNIK ivele njengekhandidethi elihamba phambili. Nakuba ngaphambili yayingaxhunywanga ne-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, i-TNIK yayikade ixhunywe ithagethi okuhlotshaniswa “nezimpawu zokuguga”—inqwaba yezinqubo zofuzo namangqamuzana ezinqwabelana njengoba sikhula.

Ngethagethi engaba khona esandleni, enye injini ye-AI, ebizwa IKhemistry42, isebenzise ama-algorithms okukhiqiza ukuze kutholwe amakhemikhali angabambelela ku-TNIK. Lolu hlobo lwe-AI lukhiqiza izimpendulo zombhalo ezinhlelweni ezidumile njenge-ChatGPT, kodwa futhi lungaphupha ngemithi emisha.

"I-Generative AI njengobuchwepheshe ibikhona kusukela ngo-2020, kodwa manje sisesikhathini esibalulekile sokuqwashisa okubanzi kwezohwebo kanye nezimpumelelo," kusho uZhavoronkov.

Ngokufaka kwengcweti kosokhemisi bemithi yabantu, ithimba ekugcineni lithole ikhandidethi lalo lomuthi: ISM018_055. Umuthi wawuphephile futhi usebenza ngempumelelo ekwehliseni izibazi emaphashini ezilwaneni. Ngokumangalisayo, iphinde ivikele isikhumba nezinso ku-fibrosis, evame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuguga.

Ekupheleni kuka-2021, ithimba lethule uhlolo lomtholampilo e-Australia oluhlola ukuphepha komuthi. Abanye ngokushesha balandela eNew Zealand naseChina. Imiphumela kumavolontiya anempilo yayithembisa. Umuthi oklanywe yi-AI wawumuncwa kalula amaphaphu lapho uthathwa njengephilisi wabe usuphulwa futhi ukhishwa emzimbeni ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi ephawulekayo.

Iwubufakazi bomqondo wokutholwa kwezidakamizwa okusekelwe ku-AI. "Siyakwazi ukukhombisa ngaphandle kokungabaza ukuthi le ndlela yokuthola nokuthuthukisa izindlela zokwelapha ezintsha iyasebenza," kusho uZhavoronkov.

Okokuqala Ekilasini

Umuthi oklanywe yi-AI qhubekela esigabeni esilandelayo sokuhlolwa komtholampilo, Isigaba II, e-US nase-China Ihlobo elidlule. Umuthi uyahlolwa kubantu abanalesi sifo kusetshenziswa izinga legolide lokuhlolwa komtholampilo: okungahleliwe, okungaboni kabili, kanye ne-placebo.

"Abantu abaningi bathi benza i-AI ukuze bathole izidakamizwa," wathi UDkt. Alán Aspuru-Guzik waseNyuvesi yaseToronto, ongabandakanyekanga ocwaningweni olusha. “Lokhu, ngokwazi kwami, umuthi wokuqala okhiqizwe nge-AI ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo zesigaba II. Ingqophamlando yangempela emphakathini naku-Insilico. ”

Impumelelo yomuthi namanje ayikanikezwa. Abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa bavame ukuhluleka ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komtholampilo. Kodwa uma iphumelela, ingase ibe nokufinyelela okubanzi. I-Fibrosis yenzeka kalula ezithweni eziningi njengoba sikhula, ekugcineni igaye imisebenzi evamile yesitho ime.

"Besifuna ukuhlonza okuhlosiwe okuthinteka kakhulu kukho kokubili izifo nokuguga, kanye ne-fibrosis ... kuwuphawu olukhulu lokuguga," kusho uZhavoronkov. Inkundla ye-AI ithole enye “yezinjongo ezimbaxambili” ezithembisayo kakhulu ezihlobene ne-anti-fibrosis nokuguga, ezingahle zingagcini nje ngokusindisa izimpilo zabantu abane-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis kodwa futhi okungenzeka kube nokuguga kancane kithi sonke.

KuDkt. Christoph Kuppe e-RWTH Aachen owayengabandakanyekanga emsebenzini, ucwaningo “luwuphawu” olungalungisa kabusha umgudu wokutholwa kwezidakamizwa.

Njengoba i-ISM018_055 okwamanje ibhekene nezivivinyo zeSigaba II, u-Zhavoronkov ubona ngekusasa lapho i-AI nososayensi besebenzisana ukuze kusheshiswe ukwelashwa okusha. "Sithemba ukuthi lo [msebenzi] uzothuthukisa ukuzethemba okwengeziwe, nokubambisana okwengeziwe, futhi usize ukukholisa noma yibaphi abangabazayo abasele ngenani lokutholakala kwezidakamizwa eziqhutshwa yi-AI," esho.

Ikhredithi Yesithombe: Insilico

• I-SEO Powered Content & PR Distribution. Khuliswa Namuhla.
• I-PlatoData.Network Vertical Generative Ai. Zinike Amandla. Finyelela Lapha.
• I-PlatoAiStream. I-Web3 Intelligence. Ulwazi Lukhulisiwe. Finyelela Lapha.
• I-PlatoESG. Ikhabhoni, I-CleanTech, Amandla, Environment, Ilanga, Ukuphathwa Kwemfucuza. Finyelela Lapha.
• I-PlatoHealth. I-Biotech kanye ne-Clinical Trials Intelligence. Finyelela Lapha.
• Source: https://singularityhub.com/2024/03/18/an-ai-designed-drug-is-moving-toward-approval-at-an-impressive-clip/