I-COMMENTARY
Imizuzwana emithathu yomsindo yikho konke okudingekayo ukuze uhlanganise izwi. I-Vishing, noma ukukhwabanisa kwezwi, sekuphenduke inkinga ngokushesha abaningi bethu abazi kahle kakhulu, okunomthelela ku-15% wabantu. Bangaphezu kwezingxenye ezintathu kwezine izisulu ukulahlekelwa imali, okwenza lokhu kube uhlobo olunenzuzo kakhulu lomkhonyovu kumuntu ngamunye, ngokusho kwe-US Federal Trade Commission (FTC).

Lapho ukukhwabanisa kwe-ID yomshayeli kuhlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe be-deepfake obusekelwe ku-AI, abakhwabanisi, ngezindleko ezincane kakhulu nangesilinganiso esikhulu, bangakwazi ukufihla izinombolo zabo zangempela nezindawo zabo futhi bazenze izinhlangano ezithenjwayo ngokugculisayo, njengebhange noma umkhandlu wendawo, noma ngisho nabangane nomndeni. .

Nakuba ubuhlakani bokwenziwa (AI) bethula zonke izinhlobo zezinsongo ezintsha, ikhono lokuqamba amanga omazisi abafonayo kuseyiphuzu eliyinhloko lokungeniswa kokukhwabanisa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kuphinde kwaletha izinselelo ezinkulu zokuqinisekisa izingcingo zangempela. Ake singene ezweni lobugebengu ukukhwabanisa kwe-ID yomshayeli.

Yini Ebangela Ukunyuka Kokukhwabanisa Kwezwi?

Ukwenziwa ngentando yeningi kobuchwepheshe bokukhwabanisa, njengezinhlelo zokusebenza ezikhohlisayo, kwenze kwaba lula kubadlali abanonya ukuzenza omazisi abafonayo abasemthethweni, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwemisebenzi yokukhwabanisa eyenziwa ngekholi yezwi. Eyodwa intatheli, owathi waziwa ngokuba nengqondo nokucophelela, waba isisulu somkhonyovu oyinkimbinkimbi owasebenzisa ukwesaba nokukhathalela kwakhe ukuphepha komndeni wakhe. Ekuqaleni ethintwa ngocingo olubi oluvela e-Amazon, wadluliselwa kumuntu ozenza umphenyi we-FTC, owamethula ngendlela egculisayo indaba engelona iqiniso ehlanganisa ukweba umazisi, ukuxhaphaza imali, kanye nezinsongo zokuphepha kwakhe.

Lezi zindaba ziya ngokuya zivame. Abantu banconywa ukuthi bangangabazi ngenombolo egodliwe, yamazwe ngamazwe, noma engaziwa, kodwa uma bebona igama lenkampani esemthethweni likhanya emafonini abo, maningi amathuba okuthi baluphendule ucingo ngendlela evumelanayo.

Ngokungeziwe ekwenziweni kwe-spoofing, sibona nokukhuphuka kwama-deepfakes akhiqizwe yi-AI. Ngonyaka odlule eCanada, izigebengu athuke izakhamuzi eziphezulu ezingaphezu kuka-$200,000 ngokusebenzisa i-AI ukulingisa amazwi abathandekayo abasenkingeni. Umama wase-US esifundazweni sase-Arizona naye wathola ucingo olubi oluvela endodakazini yakhe eneminyaka engu-15 ubudala ethi uthunjiwe; ucingo kuvele ukuthi lwenziwe nge-AI. Uma kuhlanganiswa ne-spoofing ye-ID yofonayo, lawa ma-deepfakes cishe angenzeki ukuthi umuntu ojwayelekile awabambe.

As I-AI ekhiqizayo kanye namathuluzi asekelwe ku-AI zifinyeleleka kalula, lolu hlobo lokukhwabanisa seluvame kakhulu. Izigebengu ze-Cybercriminal akudingeki ukuthi zixhumane ngokuqondile ukuze ziphindaphinde izwi ngoba abantu abangaphezu kwesigamu bahlanganyela amazwi abo ngokuzithandela ngandlela thize okungenani kanye ngesonto ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, ngokusho kukaMcAfee. Futhi awadingi amakhono edijithali akhethekile, njengoba izinhlelo zokusebenza zenza umsebenzi onzima wokuhlanganisa izwi ngokusekelwe kusiqeshana somsindo esifushane, njengoba kugqanyiswe kamuva nje ama-deepfakes asezingeni eliphezulu UMongameli waseMelika uJoe Biden nomculi Taylor Swift.

Zonke izinhlangano zingawela ogibeni lokukhwabanisa ngezwi, hhayi abantu ngabanye. Okudingekayo nje umlingisi oyedwa osongelayo ukukholisa umsebenzi oyedwa ukuthi abelane ngemininingwane ethile ebonakala ingabalulekile mayelana nebhizinisi laso ngocingo, oluse lusetshenziselwe ukujoyina amachashazi futhi luvumele isigebengu se-inthanethi ukuthi sifinyelele idatha ebucayi. Kuwumkhuba okhathazayo ikakhulukazi ezimbonini lapho ukuxhumana ngezwi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenzelana kwamakhasimende, njengamabhange, ukunakekelwa kwezempilo, kanye nezinsizakalo zikahulumeni. Amabhizinisi amaningi athembele kumakholi wezwi ukuze aqinisekise ubunikazi kanye nokugunyaza okwenziwayo. Ngakho-ke, basengozini enkulu yokukhwabanisa kwezwi okukhiqizwa yi-AI.

Esingakwenza Ngayo

Abalawuli, izinhlangano zezimboni, namabhizinisi baya ngokuya bebona isidingo sezinyathelo ezihlangene ngokumelene nokukhwabanisa ngezwi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ubuhlakani bokuqonda kangcono amaphethini omkhonyovu ezifundeni nasezimbonini zonkana, ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga embonini yonkana ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvikeleka kwezingcingo zezwi, kanye nemithetho eqinile ebusa ukubika kubaqhubi benethiwekhi.

Abalawuli emhlabeni jikelele manje baqinisa imithetho mayelana nokukhwabanisa kwezwi okusekelwe ku-AI. Isibonelo, i-US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) ikwenze kwaba emthethweni ukuthi kusetshenziswe ama-robocall amazwi akhiqizwe yi-AI noma aqoshwe ngaphambili. E-Finland, uhulumeni ubeke izibopho ezintsha kubasebenzi bezokuxhumana ukuze baqaphe ukukhwabanisa kwe-ID yofonayo kanye nokudluliselwa kwezingcingo zomkhonyovu kubamukeli. I-EU iphenya izinyathelo ezifanayo, ngokuyinhloko eziqhutshwa amabhange nezinye izikhungo zezezimali ezifuna ukugcina amakhasimende azo ephephile. Kuzo zonke izimo, imizamo iyaqhubeka yokuvala umnyango mayelana nokuntshontshwa kwe-ID yofonayo kanye nokubhidlizwa (imilayezo yombhalo mbumbulu), evamise ukusebenza njengendawo yokungena yamaqhinga athuthuke kakhulu, asekelwe ku-AI.

Amathuluzi amaningi okuthola athembisayo asathuthukayo, ngokombono, anganciphisa kakhulu ukukhwabanisa kwezwi. Kubandakanya i-biometrics yezwi, izitholi ze-deepfake, ukuhlaziywa kokutholakala kwe-AI, i-blockchain, i-firewall esayinayo, njalonjalo. Kodwa-ke, izigebengu zamakhompiyutha zinekhono lokudlula futhi zidlule ukugxuma kwezobuchwepheshe, ngakho yisikhathi kuphela esizosho ukuthi yini ezosebenza kangcono.

Kumabhizinisi abo bonke osayizi nemikhakha, amandla okuphepha ku-inthanethi azobaluleke kakhulu kumasevisi ezokuxhumana. Ngaphandle kwezinga lenethiwekhi yezokuxhumana, amabhizinisi kufanele asungule izinqubomgomo nezinqubo ezicacile, ezifana nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi okusebenzisa izindlela zokuqinisekisa ezihlukahlukene.

Izinkampani kufanele futhi ziqwashise ngamasu okukhwabanisa ajwayeleke kakhulu. Ukuqeqeshwa njalo kwabasebenzi kufanele kugxile ekuqapheleni nasekuphenduleni imikhonyovu, kuyilapho amakhasimende kufanele akhuthazwe bika izingcingo ezisolisayo.

Ezingeni labathengi, isilawuli sezokuxhumana sase-UK, Ofcom, yembula ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-41 babeqondiswe izingcingo noma imibhalo esolisayo esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezintathu ngo-2022. Ngamanye amazwi, nakuba amabhrendi kanye nohulumeni bebelokhu bephinda umyalezo wokuthi amabhizinisi asemthethweni awasoze acela imali noma ulwazi olubucayi phezu ifoni, ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kuyadingeka.

Ukutholakala kalula kwamathuluzi wokuhlanganisa kanye namazinga obugebengu akhuphukayo kunochwepheshe abafana ne-Electronic Frontier Foundation abaphakamisa ukuthi abantu kufanele bavumelane iphasiwedi yomndeni ukulwa nemizamo yokukhwabanisa esekelwe ku-AI. Kuyisisombululo se-low-fi ngendlela emangalisayo enseleleni yobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.

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• Source: https://www.darkreading.com/vulnerabilities-threats/countering-voice-fraud-in-the-age-of-ai