I-“Quantum Particulars” iyikholomu yesivakashi somhleli enemininingwane ekhethekile nezingxoxo nabacwaningi be-quantum, onjiniyela, nochwepheshe abahlola izinselele nezinqubo ezibalulekile kulo mkhakha. Lesi sihloko, esibhalwe ngu Ethan Kristins, CEO of I-Quantum Research Sciences, ixoxa ngobuchwepheshe be-quantum obuthuthukisa isakhiwo semali yebhizinisi. 

Kusukela kulokhu kubhalwa, kunenombolo elinganiselwe yezinhlelo zokusebenza zomhlaba wangempela zokulungiselelwa kwe-quantum algorithmic. Lokho kuzoshintsha njengoba ukutholakala kwamakhompuyutha e-quantum kanye nenani lama-qubits asebenzisekayo likhula ukumboza amacala okusebenzisa angokoqobo. Okwamanje, iwindi lokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe banamuhla kulapho okokufaka okulinganiselwe kodwa okuningi, okuxhumene kakhulu, okuguquguqukayo okuphansi kungase kusetshenziswe ngokusobala.   

Eminyakeni emine edlule, I-Quantum Research Sciences I-LLC isebenzise lesi sikophu ngempumelelo kweyodwa yezinkulu emhlabeni neziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukunikezela ngamaketanga. Ngokwazi kwethu, siyinkampani yokuqala ukuletha isoftware ye-quantum esebenzayo, ebukhoma, neleveli yokukhiqiza.  

Uma uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka lubhekwa ngelensi yezezimali (okungukuthi, uhlu lwempahla luhlukaniswa njengezabelomali noma isikweletu esishintshayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi), ukuhlaziya kwethu kuthole ukuthi isakhiwo semali yebhizinisi siyindawo enhle eseduze yokusebenzisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-quantum. 

Isimo sebhizinisi sanamuhla sidinga indlela yokwakheka kwezimali eziguquguqukayo; izimo ezinkulu nezincane ezishintsha ngokushesha zithinta amathonya ahlukahlukene ahlukahlukene amakhasimende kanye nabaphakeli ezigabeni ezihlukene zomjikelezo wempilo, izimbangi ezingalindelekile zinethonya ngamakhono ahlukanisiwe, futhi konke lokhu kuyilapho kunethuba lokuguquguquka ngokomzimba noma komnotho kwezinsiza.   

Kanjalo, uhlaka lwemali yebhizinisi oluthembekile ludinga ukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ngesikhathi sangempela futhi luqinisekise izincomo zezezimali ezinembayo; ngamafuphi, isakhiwo semali yebhizinisi sidinga ukuthuthukiswa. 

Umbono Wesakhiwo Samanje Semali Yebhizinisi 

Ezinkampanini eziningi zikahulumeni, ukwakheka kwezimali kuyisenzo sokulinganisa esicishe sibe yizibambiso eziyi-10 kuye kwezingama-20. Lokhu kuhlala kufaka phakathi ukukhishwa kokulingana okuyisisekelo namabhondi, kodwa kukhona nezigaba zesitoko ezincanyelwayo, amawaranti, imali ebolekiwe, kanye nebanga elilinganiselwe lamanye amathuluzi esikweletu.  Konke okuvamise ukukalwa ngokuqhathanisa nemali engenayo yonke (ukwandisa) kanye nentela (ukunciphisa).   

Abagcinimafa Bebhizinisi bahlanganisa amathuluzi angenhla kuye ngezinto zangaphandle ezifana nezilinganiso zokuboleka, izilinganiso zokuboleka, izinguquko zemithetho, nokulungiswa kwekhredithi, kanye nezici zangaphakathi ezithinta izitatimende zabo zezimali njengokugeleza kwemali, izilinganiso, izikweletu, njll. 

Kule minyaka eyikhulu edlule, ithimba ngalinye lomgcinimafa wenkampani ngayinye yezinkampani zomphakathi lizame ukuthuthukisa ngokuhlanganisa amaleja abo mathupha, noma ngabe asemaphepheni noma amaspredishithi. Kodwa-ke, uhla lwanamuhla oluhlala lukhula lwamathuluzi nama-elementi luba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukuthi lungase luthuthukiswe ngendlela yakudala. Ukwengeza, izimakethe zomhlaba ezihlala zivulekile zivumela ukushintshana kwezikweletu nokulingana okungu-24×7. 

Ezindaweni eziyinhloko eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunalokhu, ukusebenzisa inqubo ye-quantum ukuphela kwekhono elitholakalayo okwamanje lokuletha ukuthuthukiswa kwangempela kwalokhu kuyinkimbinkimbi. Njengesibonelo, ama-algorithms ethu e-quantum akhombe isakhiwo semali eningi esingezansi ngemizuzwana sisebenzisa ikhompuyutha ye-quantum. Ukuhlaziywa okufanayo kungathatha noma yiliphi ibhange lokutshala izimali noma ithimba lezezimali lebhizinisi amasonto noma izinyanga, futhi nalapho, sithumela labo basebenzi basebhange kanye namaqembu ezezimali athembele ku-heuristics, ehlanjululwayo, uma ingehlule inhloso yokuthuthukisa. 

Umfanekiso ongenhla umele ukulungiselelwa kwe-quantum kwangempela kwesakhiwo semali yomhlaba wangempela, into engenakwenzeka ngobuchwepheshe bakudala. Kulesi sibonelo, kuthathe amasekhondi omshini we-quantum ukuhlonza ukuhlanganisa okufaneleka kakhulu kokulingana okungu-20 nezibambiso zezikweletu kweziyi-100.

Kunezindlela ezimbili esizenzile zokubhekana nokwenza kahle kwezimali zebhizinisi. Enye isebenzisa ikhompuyutha ye-annealing quantum, enamandla ahlaba umxhwele futhi evezwa ngokubonakalayo emfanekisweni. Futhi sakha ikesi lokusebenzisa lekhompuyutha ye-athomu engathathi hlangothi.   

Kusistimu ye-athomu engathathi hlangothi, sisebenzisa umsebenzi wenhloso, omele esinye sezimo ezingokoqobo nezihlukene zesakhiwo semali kunoma yisiphi isikhathi esithile. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isibalo asiwenzi lula amathuba esimo. Ngamanye amazwi, amathuba okuthi 'instrument-to-element' ngalinye ahlukile, futhi ithuba ngalinye 'le-element-to-corporation' lihlukile.   

Indlela yethu yomshini we-athomu engathathi hlangothi isebenzisa i-Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) ukuze ibhekane nesimo esiphakeme, esizwela isikhathi sesimo sesakhiwo semali. Ngokungafani namakhompyutha wakudala, afaka idatha kumabhithi kanambambili (0s no-1s), Amakhompiyutha e-Quantum asebenzisa ama-quantum bits (qubits) angaba khona ezifundeni eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngenxa yezenzakalo ze-quantum mechanical of superposition.  

Lokhu kwenza i-Quantum Computers ikwazi ukuletha ngokushesha izixazululo ezizenzakalelayo okwesikhashana (isb., ukunikezwa kabusha kwezibambiso kuyilapho umnotho uthuthuka). I-equation efanayo ingabalwa kabusha ngokushesha ngenkathi izimakethe zezimali zisasebenza. Ukusebenzisa isivinini se-quantum kuyisici esingokwemvelo esibalulekile kubagcinimafa bebhizinisi nama-CFO. 

Ezinkampanini ezinkudlwana, ikhambi lebhizinisi elenziwe kahle le-quantum lizozikhokhela ngemuva kokusetshenziswa okumbalwa, futhi mhlawumbe nangemva kokusetshenziswa okukodwa. Kubaphathi bezimali bezinkampani noma ama-CFO asasebenzisa amaspredishithi ukuze aphathe amathuluzi ezezimali angu-10 noma ngaphezulu, ukwenza kahle ukwakheka kwezimali zebhizinisi ngethuluzi lethu le-quantum kuyikusasa. 

Ethan Kristins imikhondo I-Quantum Research Sciences, enye yezinkampani zokuqala emhlabeni ukusebenzisa isoftware ye-quantum.

Categories:
Isihloko sesivakashi, i-compum computing, ucwaningo

Omaka:
isakhiwo semali, Ethan Kristins, Imininingwane ye-Quantum, I-Quantum Research Sciences

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