imikhonyovu

I-inthanethi ingaba yindawo enhle kakhulu. Kodwa futhi kugcwele abantu abakhwabanisayo abaqondisa abantu abasengozini yokukhwabanisa.

06 Mar 2024
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5 iminithi. funda

Sonke siyakhula. Lezo yizindaba ezinhle kubakhwabanisi bedijithali, ababona ukukhetha okucebile okuzotholwa emphakathini oguga ngokushesha. Baya ngokuya bekhomba abantu abadala ngoba basola ukuthi lezi zinhloso zinemali eningi yokweba, kodwa okungenzeka ukuthi bane-digital savvy encane ukuze babone izimpawu zokuqala zomkhonyovu. Ngo-2022, ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-3.1 ekulahlekeni kobugebengu be-inthanethi kubika i-FBI ngeminyaka engaphezu kuka-60, ngemuva kwezehlakalo ezingu-88,262. Nakuba lokho bekumele kunyuke ngo-82% unyaka nonyaka, amacala amaningi angeke abikwa.

Umthelela womkhonyovu onjalo ungaba mubi kakhulu uma usuvele uthathe umhlalaphansi futhi ungenawo umthombo wemali ongabuyisela kuyo imali elahlekelwe abakhwabanisi. Ngakho uma uyisakhamuzi esiphezulu, noma uyisihlobo esikhathazekile, qhubeka ufunda.

Imikhonyovu eyi-10 okufanele uyiqaphele

I-inthanethi ingaba yindawo enhle kakhulu. Kodwa futhi kugcwele abantu ababi abazama ukuntshontsha ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu nemali. Nazi ezinye zezinhlelo ezivame kakhulu:

1. Ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi

Ake siqale ngosongo oluwubhubhane lwe-inthanethi yesimanje: ubugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi. I-imeyili yobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma umlayezo wefoni/wenkundla yezokuxhumana uzofika ungacelwanga. Umkhonyovu uzenza ibhizinisi elisemthethweni elicela ukuthi unikeze ulwazi olufana nokungena kwe-akhawunti, noma uchofoze isixhumanisi/uvule okunamathiselwe kwi-imeyili. Okwangaphambili kungase kukwazi ukubenza bakwazi ukugebenga ama-akhawunti akho, kuyilapho lokhu kwakamuva kungase kuqalise ukulanda uhlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha eklanyelwe ukweba idatha eyengeziwe noma ukuvala ikhompuyutha yakho.

2. Imikhonyovu kwezothando

Imikhonyovu kwezothando yenze u-$734 billion kubakhwabanisi ngo-2022, kusho i-FBI. Abakhwabanisi bazodala amaphrofayili amanga kumasayithi okuqomisana, benze ubungane nezinhliziyo ezinesizungu futhi bakhe ubuhlobo, ngenhloso yokukhipha imali eningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Izindaba ezijwayelekile ukuthi badinga imali yezindleko zokwelashwa noma ukuhamba beyobona isithandwa sabo. Akudingekile ukusho ukuthi bazohlala bethola izaba zokungaveli kukholi yevidiyo noma bahlangane mathupha.

3. I-Medicare/ukunakekelwa kwezempilo

Umkhonyovu uzenza oqokelwe ukumela i-Medicare ngenhloso yokuthola ulwazi lomuntu siqu nolwezokwelapha olungathengiswa kwabanye ukuze benze ukukhwabanisa komshwalense wezempilo. Lokhu bangakwenza nge-imeyili, ngocingo noma mathupha.

4. Ukusekelwa kobuchwepheshe

In omunye wemikhonyovu endala esekwe ocingweni, umkhohlisi uzenza ibhizinisi elisemthethweni njengenkampani yezobuchwepheshe noma umhlinzeki we-telco, ekutshela ukuthi kukhona okungalungile nge-PC yakho. Lokhu kungenzeka ngokuluhlaza, noma ungase ucelwe ukuthi ushayele 'ucingo losizo' ngemva kokuvela kwe-pop-up engenangozi kodwa ekhathazayo kukhompyutha yakho. Umkhohlisi angase akukhohlise ukuthi ubanikeze ukufinyelela emshinini. Bazozama futhi bathole indlela yokwenza imali ngawe; 'ukuvikela' noma 'ukuthuthukiswa' komshini okungadingekile, noma ngokweba ulwazi lwezezimali kuwo.

5. Ukukhwabanisa kokuthenga nge-inthanethi

Abakhwabanisi bakha izitolo ezibukeka zisemthethweni ku-inthanethi bese beheha abasebenzisi ukuthi bazenze bavakashele ngama-imeyili obugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi noma imibhalo engaceliwe noma imiyalezo yenkundla yezokuxhumana. Izinto zivame ukuphawulwa phansi ngokunikezwa okumangalisayo. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo ingeyomgunyathi, intshontshiwe noma ayikho futhi umgomo wangempela uwukuntshontsha imininingwane yekhadi lakho.

6. Ama-robocalls

Ama-Robocall athembele kubuchwepheshe obuzenzakalelayo ukuze bube inkathazo ukushayela inani elikhulu labamukeli ngesikhathi esisodwa. Umlayezo orekhodwe ngaphambilini ungase usetshenziselwe ukunikeza izimpahla zamahhala noma ezinesaphulelo esikhulu. Noma ingase isetshenziselwe ukuthusa umamukeli ukuthi aphendule, njengokumtshela ukuthi ubhekene necala elizayo. Uma uphendula, abakhohlisi bazozama ukuthola ulwazi lwakho lomuntu siqu kanye nelezezimali.

7. Ukuzenza kukahulumeni

Njengomkhonyovu wosekelo lobuchwepheshe, lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa izikhungo zezingcingo ezizinze eningizimu ye-Asia. Ukulahlekelwa okuhlanganisiwe kufinyelele ku-$1 bhiliyoni ngo-2022. Kule nguqulo, umkhonyovu uzoshayela azenze ovela kwa-IRS, Medicare noma enye inhlangano kahulumeni efuna izintela ezingakhokhiwe noma ezinye izinkokhelo. Bazoxwayisa kakhulu ngokuthi ukungakhokhi kungaholela ekuboshweni noma kwezinye izinhlawulo.

8. Imikhonyovu yelotho

Umkhwabanisi ubiza ngokuluhlaza ethi uwine ilotho futhi okudingeka ukwenze ukuze ubuyise okuwinile kwakho ukuthumela imali encane yokucubungula noma intela ngaphambili. Yebo, awukho umklomelo futhi imali yakho izonyamalala.

9. Umkhonyovu kagogo nomkhulu

Umkhonyovu ukufonela ungashongo uzenza isihlobo esisengozini. Ngokuvamile bazoqala ngokuthi “Sawubona Gogo, uyazi ukuthi ubani lona?” bese uqhubeka nenganekwane yosizi eklanyelwe ukukunxenxa ukuthi uhlukane nemali ukuze ubasize. Ngokuvamile bazocela ukudluliswa kwemali, amakhadi esipho noma inkokhelo ngohlelo lokusebenza lwemali. Bangase bakucele ukuthi ufihle yonke into. Kwezinye izinhlobonhlobo kulendikimba, umkhohlisi uzenza iphoyisa elibophayo, udokotela noma ummeli ozama ukusiza umzukulu. Ukuthuthuka kwesoftware ye-AI eyaziwa ngokuthi ama-deepfakes kungase kubenze bakwazi ukulingisa izwi lomzukulu wakho ngokunembe kakhudlwana ukuze benze lokho osekubizwa ngokuthi “imikhonyovu yokuthumba ebonakalayo".

10. Imikhonyovu yokutshalwa kwezimali

Ozuza kakhulu ngezigebengu ze-inthanethi ngo-2022, okwenza ngaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingu-3.3 zamaRandi, lesi sigaba sibhekisela ezinhlelweni zokuceba ngokushesha ezithembisa ubungozi obuncane kanye nembuyiselo eqinisekisiwe, ngokuvamile ngokutshalwa kwezimali kwe-cryptocurrency. Eqinisweni, lonke uhlelo lwakhiwe phezu kwesihlabathi.

Ungahlala kanjani uphephile

Siye ebhalwe ngalokhu ngaphambili futhi nakuba amaqhinga abakhohlisi angase ashintshe, iseluleko sokwenza okungcono kakhulu sihlala singashintshile. Khumbula okulandelayo ukuze uhlale uphephile:

• Uma okunikezwayo kukuhle kakhulu ukuthi kube yiqiniso ngokuvamile kuba njalo.
• Phatha noma yikuphi ukuxhumana okungaceliwe ngezinsolo. Uma ufuna ukuphendula, ungalokothi uphendule ngokuqondile umlayezo. Kunalokho, i-Google isikhungo esithumelayo futhi ushayele noma uthumele i-imeyili ngokuhlukile ukuze uqinisekise.
• Hlala uzolile, ngisho nalapho ubanjwe ocingweni. Futhi unganikezi noma yiluphi ulwazi lomuntu siqu.
• Ungawethembi I-ID Yofonayo njengoba ingakhohlisa.
• Sebenzisa ukuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi kuma-akhawunti akho ukuze unciphise usongo lomuntu ontshontsha ukungena kwakho.
• Ungalokothi uthumele imali ngokuthunyelwa ngezintambo, ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokukhokha, amakhadi esipho noma nge-cryptocurrency, njengoba ayikho indlela yokuyicela futhi ekufikeni kokukhwabanisa.
• Ungachofozi izixhumanisi noma uvule okunamathiselwe kuma-imeyili/imibhalo/emilayezweni yezokuxhumana.

Okufanele ukwenze uma uqoliwe

Uma ucabanga ukuthi uqoliwe, thintana namaphoyisa endawo, ibhange langakini (uma imininingwane yezezimali ibihilelekile) noma (e-US) Izinsiza Zokuvikela Abadala. Kungumqondo omuhle futhi ukusetha kabusha amaphasiwedi akho uma uwanikeze umuntu ongase abe umkhonyovu. E-US, cabanga ukubika udaba ku-FTC.

Uma ufunda lokhu futhi unezihlobo esezikhulile ozikhathazayo, zinike isikhathi sokuxoxa ngemikhonyovu evamile. Ubuchwepheshe bungase busabise uma singabuqondi ngokugcwele. Kodwa yilokhu kunqikaza ukuthola okwengeziwe - kanye nokungabaza kwethu ukutshela noma ubani mayelana nokuqolwa - labo abakhwabanisi abasizakala ngakho. Asibayeke bahleke okokugcina.